Dear Mark, It is useless to make the coil bigger. The coil is a composition of turns. The flux density in the center of the turn is B = mu0 * I / 2R, where R is the radius of the turn. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/magnetic/curloo.html The only way to increase the flux density is to increase the current value. So I keep the coil size the same as original 5T-coil and increase the current by 40%. The B*dB product is -4.6. It was -14.7 for the 5T-coils located 10 cm away. So the force is only 30%. Time spent 1 hour. ================ Dear Mark, QuickField can plot the energy density color map, that is (B*dB/mu0) = = 8e6 * B * dB [J/m3] Form our experiments (Aug 23) we get the simple equation to compute the force acting on a 100-nm particle, that is Force = 1.2e-15 * B * dB [N] Putting these two together we get the equation to compute the force from enery: Force = 1.5e-22 * Energy [N] 100-nm particle weight was estimated as 4.57e-17 N. Putting this value in the equation above we can estimate the required magnetic field energy density that is capable of lifting the particle: 4.57e-17 = 1.5e-22 * Energy_ Energy = 305 kJ. I made the color plot of the force/weight ratio. Please see attached. Should I do the same for the 5T coils? For the 200-nm particle? It took 0.5 hour.