Integral quantities in Electrostatics
Generally the integral quantities of interest in electrostatic analysis are: electric charge, potential difference, mechanical force and torque, field energy.
The following notations are used in formulas:
- U - electric potential;
- E - electric field strength;
- D - vector of electric flux density (electric displacement).
| Name, ActiveField constant | Formula and Description |
|---|---|
| Electric charge
qfInt_KGrad_n_ds |
\[ Q_s = \oint(\mathbf D ·\mathbf n)ds \]
According to the Gauss theorem, total electric charge in a particular volume can be calculated as a flux of electric displacement over its closed boundary. |
| Electric field energy
qfInt_ElectrostaticEnergy |
\[ W = \frac{1}{2}\int(\mathbf E ·\mathbf D)dv \]
Electric field energy in a particular volume. |
| Mechanical force
qfInt_MaxwellForce |
\[ \mathbf f = \frac{1}{2}\oint\left( \mathbf E(\mathbf n · \mathbf D) + \mathbf D(\mathbf n · \mathbf E) - \mathbf n(\mathbf E · \mathbf D) \right) ds \]
Total electric force acting on bodies contained in a particular volume. The integral is evaluated over the volume's boundary. |
| Mechanical torque
qfInt_MaxwellTorque |
\[ \mathbf T = \frac{1}{2}\oint\left( (\mathbf r × \mathbf E)(\mathbf n · \mathbf D) + (\mathbf r × \mathbf D)(\mathbf n · \mathbf E) - (\mathbf r × \mathbf n)(\mathbf E · \mathbf D) \right) ds \]
Electric force torque acting on bodies contained in a particular volume, where r
is a radius vector of the point of integration.
|
| Name, ActiveField constant | Formula and Description |
|---|---|
| Average surface potential
qfInt_Potential_ds | \[ U = \frac{1}{S}\int U ds \] |
| Average volume potential
qfInt_Potential_dv | \[ U = \frac{1}{V}\int U dv \] |
| Root mean square value of the surface strength | \[ E = \sqrt {\frac{1}{S}\int |\mathbf E|^2 ds } \] |
| Root mean square value of the volume strength | \[ E = \sqrt {\frac{1}{V}\int |\mathbf E|^2 dv } \] |
| Root mean square value of the surface displacement | \[ D = \sqrt {\frac{1}{S}\int |\mathbf D|^2 ds } \] |
| Root mean square value of the volume displacement | \[ D = \sqrt {\frac{1}{V}\int |\mathbf D|^2 dv } \] |